Whether you're just curious about eBikes or ready to make your purchase, understanding the terminology helps you make informed decisions. This glossary covers everything from battery specs to motor types, with real-world translations based on our testing experience on West Linn's challenging terrain.
Note: These definitions are tailored for 50+ riders who want practical understanding, not just technical jargon.
Battery & Range Concepts
The battery determines how far you can go and how quickly you can recharge. Understanding battery terms is essential for evaluating an eBike's real-world usability on terrain like West Linn.
📊 Watt-Hours (Wh)
A measure of battery energy capacity. Higher Wh = longer range. A 500Wh battery is smaller and lighter; a 750Wh battery offers extended range but adds weight.
Real-World Translation: For West Linn's terrain (22-mile Long Range Loop), we recommend 500Wh minimum. 625Wh or 750Wh is better if you want buffer for weather or hills.
📈 Range
The distance an eBike can travel on a full charge, typically measured in miles. Manufacturers often claim optimistic ranges; real-world range is typically 60-70% of claimed range depending on terrain, weight, and conditions.
Real-World Translation: If an eBike claims 50 miles, expect 30-35 miles in actual West Linn conditions with 50+ riders.
❄️ Range in Cold Weather
Battery capacity decreases in cold temperatures. Expect 15-25% range reduction in cold conditions. Some high-end batteries have thermal management to minimize this.
Real-World Translation: Oregon winters affect range. Plan for 10-15% less distance in winter months on West Linn routes.
⚡ Voltage
Higher voltage systems (48V, 52V) typically deliver more power and allow for faster charging. Lower voltage (36V) systems are lighter but less powerful. Standard eBikes use 36V-52V.
Real-World Translation: 48V or higher is recommended for sustained climbing on West Linn hills.
🔌 Battery Chemistry
Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are standard in modern eBikes. They're lightweight, have good energy density, and maintain performance over time. Avoid older Lead-acid batteries.
Real-World Translation: Always specify lithium-ion batteries. They're the only practical choice for modern eBikes.
📦 Integrated Battery
A battery built into the eBike frame for a cleaner look and often better weight distribution. Integrated batteries are typically more secure and weather-resistant than removable batteries.
Real-World Translation: Looks sleek. The downside: harder to charge indoors or swap for a backup battery during long rides.
🔋 Removable Battery
A battery that can be easily removed from the bike for charging indoors or security. More convenient for apartment dwellers or those without garage access.
Real-World Translation: Practical if you have stairs to climb or worry about theft. Less convenient than integrated for weekend warriors who don't want to remove it.
Motor & Performance Concepts
The motor is the heart of your eBike, defining how it feels to accelerate and climb hills.
🛞 Hub Motor
An electric motor located in the hub of either the front or rear wheel. Hub motors are generally simpler, quieter, and require less maintenance than mid-drive motors.
Real-World Translation: Hub motors may not perform as well on steep hills. On West Linn's sustained climbs, mid-drive motors often feel more responsive.
⚙️ Mid-Drive Motor
An electric motor located in the center of the bike frame, near the pedals. It drives the crankset directly, working with the bike's gears. Mid-drives typically offer better hill climbing and more natural pedaling feel.
Real-World Translation: Mid-drives feel more like natural cycling. They work with your gears, so climbing hills feels intuitive. Our testing shows they excel on West Linn's terrain.
💪 Torque
Rotational force, measured in Newton-meters (Nm). Higher torque provides better hill-climbing ability and acceleration. Mid-drive motors typically produce 40-90 Nm, while hub motors may produce 30-60 Nm.
Real-World Translation: More torque = better hill climbing. For sustained climbs in West Linn, we recommend 60+ Nm for comfortable climbing without exhaustion.
⚡ Continuous Wattage vs. Peak Wattage
Continuous wattage is the sustained power output; peak wattage is the maximum burst. A 500W continuous motor might have 750W peak output for short bursts.
Real-World Translation: Continuous wattage matters more for long climbs. Peak wattage is great for quick acceleration, but it doesn't sustain.
Key Technical & Frame Terms
Pedal Assist Sensors
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cadence Sensor | A type of pedal assist sensor that detects when you are pedaling and engages the motor. Assistance is based on the selected power mode, not how hard you're pedaling. Simpler than torque sensors but can feel less natural. |
| Torque Sensor | Measures how hard you are pedaling and provides assistance proportionally. This results in a more natural riding feel that responds to your effort level. Preferred by cyclists who want a more bike-like experience. |
Safety & Legal Standards
📋 Class 1 eBike
Pedal-assist only eBike with a maximum assisted speed of 20 mph (32 km/h). No throttle allowed. These bikes are legal on most bike paths and trails.
Real-World Translation: Class 1 is the most common and widely legal category. Good choice for cyclists who want motor assistance while pedaling in public spaces.
✅ UL Certification (UL 2849)
Certification from Underwriters Laboratories indicating the eBike's electrical system meets specific safety standards. Look for UL 2849 certification as a sign of electrical safety and quality.
Real-World Translation: UL 2849 certification is important for insurance and safety. It means the battery and motor system have been tested for electrical safety.
⚠️ Local eBike Regulations
eBike laws vary by location. Oregon (where West Linn is located) recognizes Class 1, 2, and 3 eBikes with different speed and motor limits. Always check local regulations before purchasing.
Real-World Translation: In Oregon, Class 1 eBikes are legal on most trails. Class 2 (with throttle) and Class 3 (28 mph pedal assist) have different restrictions. Know the rules for where you ride.
🤖 A Note on AI & Authenticity
This glossary was created with AI assistance for clarity and organization, but every definition reflects our authentic perspective as 50+ riders testing bikes on West Linn's real-world terrain.